Forest of Bangladesh
The sum total of the various plants and animal in a place is known as Forest. To maintain the environmental balance of any area 25٪ forest of the total area is must there. According to the Bangladesh government total forest of Bangladesh is about 17٪. But it is only 10٪ according to UNESCO. According to FAO it is about 9٪.
Types of Forest in Bangladesh:
Forests of Bangladesh can be grouped into three broad categories depending on their location, nature and type of management .which is tabled below.
1. Mangrove forest
2. Tropical evergreen and semi evergreen forest
3. Tropical moist deciduous forests
4. Village forest.
Mangrove forest of Bangladesh: The Sunder ban is the largest single block of tidal halophytic mangrove forest in the world. The name Sunder ban can be derived literally translated as “Beautiful forest” or “beautiful jungle” in the Bengali language. The name may have been derived from the Sundari trees that are found in Sundarban in large number. The generally accepted view is the one associated with Sundari trees. The larger part (62٪) is situated in the southwest corner of Bangladesh. The forest covers 10000 square kilometer of which about 6000 is Bangladesh.
Sundarban harbors 334 species of trees, shrubs and epiphytes and 269 species of wild animals. World renowned Royal Bengal Tiger is the magnificent animal of the Sundarban. Sundari is the most important tree species in the Sundarban which is distributed over 73٪ of the reserve. Extent of Sundari is followed by Gewa(Excoecaria agallocha), Baen(Avecinnia offcecinalis), Passur(Xylocarpur mekongensis), Keora(Sonneratia apetala) etc. There are some other non-wood forest products like Golpata(Nypa fruticans), honey, wax, fish, crab etc which are also of high value.
Tropical evergreen and semi evergreen forest: Tropical evergreen and semi evergreen forests are extended over Chittagong, Cox’s Bazar, Chittagong Hills tract and Shylet totaling an area of 670000 hectare which is 4.54٪ of total landmass of the country and 44٪ of national forest land.
Deciduous Forest : The central and northern districts covering an area of 120000 hector about 0.81٪ of total landmass of the country and 7.8٪ of the countries forest land are bestowed with Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests.
The important areas are Barind region, Madhupur and avowal gore etc.
Village Forest: Tree coverage in the village forest are 270000 hector which acts as the source of a remarkable portion of the national demand of forest produces. The latest inventory exhibits that atotak of 54.7 million cu m forest produces in this village forest.
Seasons of Bangladesh
We have said that Bangladesh is a country of six seasons. So there should be six seasons, generally there are six seasons but mainly three prominent seasons. The six seasons are as follows:
Summer season
Winter season
Rainy season
Autumn season
Late Autumn season
Spring Season.
And the main there prominent seasons are as follows:
• Summer season
• Rainy season
• Winter season.
Now we will know about these prominent three seasons.
• Summer season ( march to May ) :
During the summer the scorching heat of the sun the air become warmer. However the air over the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean remains cool. Since the warm air is lighter, the air goes up and the cool air comes to fill in the vacuum in the North over Bangladesh and thus the local wind system works which obviously a part of the planetary wind system. But due to the rotation of the earth the air does not go to the straight North but to the North- eastward.
For the role of the air coming from the southwest, plenty of rainfall is occurred in the summer season. It is about 20٪ of the total rainfall of Bangladesh.
Average temperature: 28˚c
Highest temperature: 42˚c
Lowest temperature: 21˚c.
• Rainy Season: For adequate rainfall this season is known as the rainy season.
The air in this period coming from the sea is stopped by the Khasia and Jaintia Hills and Himalayas in the north and Arakan yoma and Pegu yoma in the east and pours huge amount of water to support life. So the north-eastern part of Bangladesh received the heaviest rainfall. North and eastern part of Bangladesh received moderate rainfall and western part of Bangladesh received lowest rainfall.
About 80٪ of our total rainfall is occurred in this season.
Average temperature: 27˚c.
This phenomenon strongly dominates the country’s agricultural practices, life style, culture and of course economy. It would be really difficult to find artist and poets having no influence of rain in their work. It dominates-
I. Literature
II. Art
III. Song
IV. Agricultural production.
• Winter season: This time the sun goes southward and Indian ocean in the south of Bangladesh becomes warm. This warm region attracts the air from the north.
The air from the great land mass of Russia and China in after crossing the great Himalayas and given a cool touch to our life but little rain. So sometimes some of the northern part of Bangladesh like Rangpur and Dinajpur experience cool winter waves where temperature goes down as low as 4˚c.
Average temperature: 17.7˚c.
Rainfall in this season is not more than 10cm.
It is the all about the seasons of Bangladesh.
Summer season
Winter season
Rainy season
Autumn season
Late Autumn season
Spring Season.
And the main there prominent seasons are as follows:
• Summer season
• Rainy season
• Winter season.
Now we will know about these prominent three seasons.
• Summer season ( march to May ) :
During the summer the scorching heat of the sun the air become warmer. However the air over the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean remains cool. Since the warm air is lighter, the air goes up and the cool air comes to fill in the vacuum in the North over Bangladesh and thus the local wind system works which obviously a part of the planetary wind system. But due to the rotation of the earth the air does not go to the straight North but to the North- eastward.
For the role of the air coming from the southwest, plenty of rainfall is occurred in the summer season. It is about 20٪ of the total rainfall of Bangladesh.
Average temperature: 28˚c
Highest temperature: 42˚c
Lowest temperature: 21˚c.
• Rainy Season: For adequate rainfall this season is known as the rainy season.
The air in this period coming from the sea is stopped by the Khasia and Jaintia Hills and Himalayas in the north and Arakan yoma and Pegu yoma in the east and pours huge amount of water to support life. So the north-eastern part of Bangladesh received the heaviest rainfall. North and eastern part of Bangladesh received moderate rainfall and western part of Bangladesh received lowest rainfall.
About 80٪ of our total rainfall is occurred in this season.
Average temperature: 27˚c.
This phenomenon strongly dominates the country’s agricultural practices, life style, culture and of course economy. It would be really difficult to find artist and poets having no influence of rain in their work. It dominates-
I. Literature
II. Art
III. Song
IV. Agricultural production.
• Winter season: This time the sun goes southward and Indian ocean in the south of Bangladesh becomes warm. This warm region attracts the air from the north.
The air from the great land mass of Russia and China in after crossing the great Himalayas and given a cool touch to our life but little rain. So sometimes some of the northern part of Bangladesh like Rangpur and Dinajpur experience cool winter waves where temperature goes down as low as 4˚c.
Average temperature: 17.7˚c.
Rainfall in this season is not more than 10cm.
It is the all about the seasons of Bangladesh.
Geographic factors of Bangladesh
Geographic factors of Bangladesh: The main geographic factors of Bangladesh are as follows –
1. Geographic location
2. Physiography
3. Climate
4. Forest
5. Rivers
Physiography of Bangladesh : The physio-graphic condition of a country influences the socio-economic and the political situation or development of a country. Physiography of Bangladesh also influences this country .A small portion of Bangladesh is high land. Major part of our country is plain land. Though there is no plateau in our country, there are a few traces in various regions of Bangladesh.
Physiography: On the basis of the land forms, the physiography of Bangladesh is divided into three parts. Such as-
1.Mountainous region of tertiary period.
2. Traces of Pleistocene period.
3. Alluvial floodplain.
Mountainous region of Bangladesh: Hills and mountainous land is the most high land of Bangladesh, It was raised during the tertiary age. It is situated in the Northeastern, Eastern and the Southeastern part of Bangladesh. The hills and the mountains in that period are considered as the same to the Himalaya and Arakan Yoma mountain, Because these were raised at the same period.
According to the locational characteristics, this region are classified into two groups. These are as follows-
a) Northeastern Region and
b) Southeastern Region.
a) Northeastern region: The highlands in Sumangonj, Moulavibazar and the part of Netrokoana are under this region. The high land of this region are locally named as Tilla. Average height of these highlands is not more than 240 meter.
b) Southeastern region: The hills and mountains in the Chittagong, Khagrachhari, Bandarban, Rangamati are under this region. Though this area is occupied the small portion of Bangladesh, it has a great significance. Because the largest sea port of Bangladesh, the highest peak( Tagio Dong -1231m), main manmade lake and hydro electricity supply centre are situated in this region.
Traces in the Pleistocene period: the lands in Bangladesh raised in the Pleistocene period(before 25000 yrs) are under this type. Lalmai region, Modhupur trace and Barind region are the main areas of this land form in Bangladesh.
Alluvial Floodplain area: The rest of the part of Bangladesh( Without the mentioned two region) are created by rivers. Flood plains areas are given below-
i. Khulna region
ii. Greater Rangpur
iii. Lower Shylet
iv. Meghna Basin area.
That’s all about the physiography of Bangladesh.
1. Geographic location
2. Physiography
3. Climate
4. Forest
5. Rivers
Physiography of Bangladesh : The physio-graphic condition of a country influences the socio-economic and the political situation or development of a country. Physiography of Bangladesh also influences this country .A small portion of Bangladesh is high land. Major part of our country is plain land. Though there is no plateau in our country, there are a few traces in various regions of Bangladesh.
Physiography: On the basis of the land forms, the physiography of Bangladesh is divided into three parts. Such as-
1.Mountainous region of tertiary period.
2. Traces of Pleistocene period.
3. Alluvial floodplain.
Mountainous region of Bangladesh: Hills and mountainous land is the most high land of Bangladesh, It was raised during the tertiary age. It is situated in the Northeastern, Eastern and the Southeastern part of Bangladesh. The hills and the mountains in that period are considered as the same to the Himalaya and Arakan Yoma mountain, Because these were raised at the same period.
According to the locational characteristics, this region are classified into two groups. These are as follows-
a) Northeastern Region and
b) Southeastern Region.
a) Northeastern region: The highlands in Sumangonj, Moulavibazar and the part of Netrokoana are under this region. The high land of this region are locally named as Tilla. Average height of these highlands is not more than 240 meter.
b) Southeastern region: The hills and mountains in the Chittagong, Khagrachhari, Bandarban, Rangamati are under this region. Though this area is occupied the small portion of Bangladesh, it has a great significance. Because the largest sea port of Bangladesh, the highest peak( Tagio Dong -1231m), main manmade lake and hydro electricity supply centre are situated in this region.
Traces in the Pleistocene period: the lands in Bangladesh raised in the Pleistocene period(before 25000 yrs) are under this type. Lalmai region, Modhupur trace and Barind region are the main areas of this land form in Bangladesh.
Alluvial Floodplain area: The rest of the part of Bangladesh( Without the mentioned two region) are created by rivers. Flood plains areas are given below-
i. Khulna region
ii. Greater Rangpur
iii. Lower Shylet
iv. Meghna Basin area.
That’s all about the physiography of Bangladesh.
Geographic factors of Bangladesh
Climate: The average condition for 30-40 years is called Climate. Climate influences the behavior, clothing, occupation, after all the culture of the people of any region. It is also influences the abundance of flora and fauna of any area. Climate has a great impact on the socioeconomic and the political condition of a country.
Density of population also depends on the climatic condition.
- Example: Antarctica and equatorial region.
Climate of Bangladesh: Geographically Bangladesh is situated in the tropical region. That’s why the climate of Bangladesh is called tropical climate. On the other hand Bangladesh is one of the coastal countries. Bay of Bengal influences the climate of Bangladesh. As seasons of Bangladesh change for the impact of southwestern sea wind in different seasons, it is called the monsoonal climate.
Temperature, wind flow, evaporation, transpiration, rainfall, humidity are the main elements of climate of any countries.
The Himalaya Mountain to the North and the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean to the south controls the climate of our country.
Density of population also depends on the climatic condition.
- Example: Antarctica and equatorial region.
Climate of Bangladesh: Geographically Bangladesh is situated in the tropical region. That’s why the climate of Bangladesh is called tropical climate. On the other hand Bangladesh is one of the coastal countries. Bay of Bengal influences the climate of Bangladesh. As seasons of Bangladesh change for the impact of southwestern sea wind in different seasons, it is called the monsoonal climate.
Temperature, wind flow, evaporation, transpiration, rainfall, humidity are the main elements of climate of any countries.
The Himalaya Mountain to the North and the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean to the south controls the climate of our country.
Geographical location of BANGLADESH
BANGLADESH is one of the smallest country in the world and it is also a South-Asian isolated country.BANGLADESH has some natural assets and that's are :
1. It has a open access to open ocean named 'The Bay Of Bengal'.
2.The tropical climate.
3. The abundance of good soil.
4. Adequate of rainfall.
5.River flow.
It is said that BANGLADESH is a poor country financially but it has a vast natural resources which enriched it.
BANGLADESH has a very important geographical location.
LOCATION OF BANGLADESH: It previously mentioned that BANGLADESH is a South-Asian small country. It's total area is about 1,47,570 sq kilometer. Three sides of BANGLADESH are covered with INDIA and South-East side is covered with MYANMAR. BAY OF BENGAL is situated in the South side of BANGLADESH.. The West bengal of INDIA is situated in the West side of BANGLADESH.
The west bengal of India is to the West. Meghalaya is to the North, Assam,Tripura, and Mijoram is to the East of BANGLADESH. So BANGLADESH is enclose with India largely.
BOUNDARY LINE OF BANGLADESH:
1. It has a open access to open ocean named 'The Bay Of Bengal'.
2.The tropical climate.
3. The abundance of good soil.
4. Adequate of rainfall.
5.River flow.
It is said that BANGLADESH is a poor country financially but it has a vast natural resources which enriched it.
BANGLADESH has a very important geographical location.
LOCATION OF BANGLADESH: It previously mentioned that BANGLADESH is a South-Asian small country. It's total area is about 1,47,570 sq kilometer. Three sides of BANGLADESH are covered with INDIA and South-East side is covered with MYANMAR. BAY OF BENGAL is situated in the South side of BANGLADESH.. The West bengal of INDIA is situated in the West side of BANGLADESH.
The west bengal of India is to the West. Meghalaya is to the North, Assam,Tripura, and Mijoram is to the East of BANGLADESH. So BANGLADESH is enclose with India largely.
BOUNDARY LINE OF BANGLADESH:
- Total boundary line of BANGLADESH is about 4712 km.
- The length of boundary line with India is about 3715 km.
- 280 km with Mayanmar.
- 716 km is the coast line of BANGLADESH.
- The political sea line of BANGLADESH is about 12 nm.
GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF BANGLADESH: From 20°34˝ North Latitude to 26°38˝ North Latitude. From 88°01˝ East Longitude to 92°41˝ East Longitude.
It is all about the geographic locatin of BANGLADESH.
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